Loose-leaf binder.



i tassa, .f

"a, citizen'lo'f theUnited States, lresiding at Detroitgy" county j, of "Wayne,v State rof Michigan, have inventedI acertainnew and l useful `In'lprovement in` LoseI'reaffBinders,'

' V"and declare 'the followin' to bea full, clear,

lvand ex'actdescription o the same,'such`as. .will enable others skilled in the art to'which` s it 'pertains'. to makeand useI the same, refer.-v ence being had to the'accompanying draw-v ings, which formi-a part of` this specifica- Vv`This invention relates' to' looser-leaf bind`l .y ers andv hasfrfor4 itsfobjeet .a loose-leaf`l binderwhose basefis constructed oi a singlel iece of' metall" forming a" complete "closure or themechanism,fthatoperates the clips.Y

*Aiurthe'r feature'fof-'my invention is a novel formfoattaching. the` base "of the binder tothe-bool; "uponlvwhich it is to be;

section lofjtlie '.blnder' showing the' lcli's closed.4 V 1Fig,',"2,is' agarose-section of t e binder showing the y clips open. Fig. 3,

isla planlview ofr thel binder.v Fi H4, is a.

sectionaldetail-viewI 'of the end o jthe base ofthe binden Fig.5,"is,aperspective of a rlnodiied form inA process of construction.

Vvbe turned. In t e form shown in Figs. 1

toinclusive, the clips 1` and 2 are integral portionsof wires that,for'm, also`,'bearing portionsl and 2. These bearing portions are gournaled in the channel bearings Band 4 formed at, the bends of the base 5.` yThis base 5 is fa", single "pieceo sheet metal f that is cut at l6 forwthel A passageof the :clips and.,wh 1ch 1s -ibentabac uponxitself at 7 'andA Snto, orinqthe bottom*` closure of the Ihase amas ytogconfine' themechanismthat I`operates.'g the;` 11175; which.'l comprises ,they i bearingportlons Pfand 2? .anda a y pair ofA y M 'contl'nuations thereof ateachfendthat con#v verge".together to form a toggle and with 4 apaisement: tgtegratm. ,application aleano'vmber e, iaiaqsenalnq. 730,310.

isa cross section'of'the sameshowing v they fabric placed upon the base member be-4 PAfrEhN-r estaca,

o narnofuicnlearn Patenten oet. 1e, este.

i vs rhichthegclips are integral. The bearing lportions' il"4 'and 2 are journaled in the channel bearings' and 4. 4 The portions? and 8 (the return strips that''are bent' back to form a com lete closure) may be omitted and the ben of Ithe base confined to a strip that is just suf- `feient to `formthe channel bearings 3 and 14. If` this form of structure is adopted .then the back of thebook upon which the binder isv used forms the bottom closure to confine the operating mechanism. However, there lis` an important improvement in rovidin'gv the portions 7 an 8 so as to orm l a complete closure as these binders are usually employed in connection vwith flexible ybacks and the mechanism is thereby subject to knocks which ma knock the base-bearingsfrom their togg e relation and re uire resetting, whichfis difficult after the ook ,has beenmade up.

" In'th'el form w ich I have shown in Figs. y,1 to4,"inclusive, the binders are attached to thebook by 'the end portions 9, there being f one at eachend'althoufgh'onl one is shown 'in' thedrawings. This en portion 9 is merely'c, small, lsomewhat, triangular piece of metal'that is stamped `out when the metall is-cut and which 'is bent down, 'as shown in Fig.v 4,-so that the run of the metal that forms thetop ofthei base can reach and restu 'on the back ofthe book to which it e fastened. A rivet may then be` passedthrou h the aperture 10 and through the back oft e book (not shown) to fasten the, binder securely thereto.

In Figs. 5 to 7 I have shown a modified form which however, embodies my eneric invention of making the base of the inder out of a single piece of metal, and the generic invention of the base of a single piece forming-sa complete closure. The clips 1 and 2 are shown fastened to plates 1b and 2.. These plates are substituted for the base Wires 1 and 2 and perform the same function of formin base bearings and a toggle for the clips. hese plates 1 and 2b meet in a toggle at the cent/er of the binder and are prevented from se arating by the rivet 11 that Iengages loose y in semi-circular cut- -away Aportions of each plate. The sprin Iaction necessary to keep the clips opene out-lor closed together may be aorcled feither by the resiliency in the metal of is to.

the base or spring rivets, such as I have ""2 is "aorded by the"4 Structure? ii'd'op'ted elle vvislth. othe the prongs or before the sides have foe 1 1 closvurefforthe lnteel landil",

metal is notchedby Referring to Figf,

et intervals equal forming Ives @momes nel :tcthenlength 1 the` `salme lengt-h. as @ronge 13 thet the sides ofthe metal adapted to be bent heel;

of e ven-,lengt @ete et .inter-wle e heee slot linge Q slots my fit1 over Shown. le Figbeedewn, eeslievnin le andthe febre 'E will .be eectively secured. to. the binder end` the eut-ewan ortienel ci the binder,

leave n gap are closedby. ghewfebrre ysc tlmt the entire ui @emplee-ehem fer ,the time. does :me

which Weuld .or naril Sllfle' forms binder, und, @the Sem@ to ejer nybther fcebening menne'` .then be yattached fabric F may inthe ccnventignel wey inV thet I have 4 er,nplyecl, this invention but jinrcoimeetion with, thefinvention,

@new or this pasen.: me he iictiohm725,859 han bensehf" The e'atureof thisv mo'ced form'j ist-he'manner of attaching the fabridjyvhi'ch the v bese 12 iefehorvnbeen'bent over to act e' notches 12, which are of a given width en which are. repeated to the` width of the notch f-What! l elaine j I.' A-.looee-leaf binder, tion,"n"base late of sheet metal having the sidee'fthe metalbent back to substantially meet ettheback, thereby forming channel `bearings on either side and e closure at the bnck forthe base of the binder, and the said metal' being also arran ed for festenin te v the-bindenclips or ha f rings for hol ing the Ileaves and bearings therefor, one bear- :ng journaled in each channel 'beerin and The "tiallyesdescrihed' r ,2. A, lease-letti binder, having m cornbmetion, e, base plete of; eheet. metal having the .to Substantially meet et the back of the bese v 'di the hinder, thereby forming channel beerings en either eide,I the seid side portions of the metal bein notched to4 form alternate notches 1 2# an lu 13, clips or half rines for .j holding the eaves, bearings for the clips or ha rings, one bearing journaled -ineech channel bearing and both bearings `with; meeting 1n a, toggle, and a. fabric F having shown in igs. .1 two rows of slots. that allow the fabric. to iit The over the lu Ywhen the lutter are in upright position, .t e sund lu being adapted te Ive-S 134, es

to the bcok tine willof m mgeupcnthe fe lr1c, vvhen bent down lan thereby. with the fabric forming e ecm- IElete closure at the hack-ef the hase of the inder, substantlally as described.

I lrteet-imony whereof I this specicntlon inthe presence ci two Witnesses.

MCHARD MQWATSON.

Witnesseez l A STUART C. BARNES, v YRGINIA C Shun.

owned for nu cents euh, by; Mmmm@ the Commtsetcner or Patente, Webteetvn, B- W" hevin'gin cornbine.-V

bethfbeerieeemeetme m etoeel, Se Stee- 

